The handmaid’s tale in a fourth-century format. Ausonius and Bissula
JbAC 63 (2020) Seiten: 178-187
One significant form of migration in Late Antiquity was the traffic with slaves and captives of war. My article will discuss one individual case that is conveyed by the poet Ausonius in fourth-century Gaul. Ausonius composed a small set of poems to his alumna Bissula who had probably been taken as captive during Emperor Valentinian I’s expedition in the Rhine region against the Alemanni in 368. Ausonius mentions Bissula as a spoil of war and of Suebian origin. He praises her as delicium, blanditiae, ludus, amor, voluptas (Biss. 4,1). Who was Bissula and what was her role in Ausonius’ household? Was she a foster child or a concubine? Was she even a historical person? The perspective to Bissula, the booty of war, is inescapably Ausonius’, the learned Roman aristocrat. Therefore, what we eventually can discuss is the Roman colonial gaze in Late Antiquity. In his delight of the Suebian girl, Ausonius depicts her as better than Roman ones – with the exotic colouring of »Occidentalism« or »Borealism«. I will also analyse the poem from the viewpoint of Romanization: Bissula becomes ambigua, by her origin and looks she is Rheno genita, by her language and, it is implied, the adopted culture she is Latin.
Maijastina Kahlos